PPS and Poliomyelitis
February 21, 2010 – 2:11 pmWhat is PPS and poliomyelitis? How is it diagnosed and what are the symptoms and treatment? What is PPS? Post-Polio Syndrome, is a disease that affects the muscles of people who have had polio. Usually 15 to 40 years afterward the original infection Post-Polio Syndrome will strike. The symptoms of PPS are:
– Progressive muscle weakness
– Severe fatigue
– Severe pain in the muscles and joints
– Muscle atrophy
– Breathing and swallowing difficulties
– Sleep disorders
– Intolerance to cold
The exact process by which PPS causes these symptoms is not yet understood however it is thought to be related to gradual loss of nerve cells that make contact with muscle fibers and the loss of nerve messages to those fibers.
During the original polio infection motor neurons are destroyed resulting in loss of muscle function. However to compensate for that loss nerve cells grow extra branches called axonal sprouts which can attach themselves to the muscles that have lost their fortify stock. This allows the muscle fibers to work again, sometimes as well as before.
Some researchers suggest that these axonal sprouts can not hold up forever especially if over exerted. Eventually, the sprouts degenerate causing the muscle fiber to lose their ability to lessen.
While there are no definitive tests for diagnosing PPS, research into the causes and the development of guidelines as being diagnosing, treating, and rehabilitating people through PPS are on going.
Poliomyelitis – Is it still a men health concern?
Poliomyelitis otherwise known to the degree that polio is an extremely infectious disease caused by a virus.
What are the symptoms?
– Fever
– Headache
– Vomiting
– Stiffness in the neck
– Pain in the limbs
Who is at risk?
Immune and partially immune adults and children may still be affected by the polio virus, further mainly its it children under the age of 5 that are affected.
How is polio spread?
Polio is spread by person to person contact. The virus enters the environment through the passing of feces of an infected person, then is spread through contact especially in cases of poor hygiene in less developed areas of the world. It enters the material substance through the mouth and then travels to the intestine and multiplies, then entering the blood stream and striking the forcible system where it can cause paralysis in a matter of hours.
The Polio virus can be carried by people that are immune after having had the vaccine and then be passed on to people in less industrialized countries or to people who have not had the vaccinations or failed to respond to the vaccine.
What happens if your infected?
1 in 200 cases lead to irreversible paralysis. Less than 1% of polio infections result in paralysis. 5-10% of people die due to their lungs becoming immobilized after becoming infected with poliomyelitis. Polio can be widely spread before there are any indications of paralysis. After one becomes infected the virus is shed through feces for several weeks, during which time polio can be spread through a community very very rapidly.
Preventing Polio
Through the 1950’s and 1960’s with the introduction of vaccines polio was brought under control and pretty well eliminated as a public health problem from industrialized countries. While polio can be prevented by vaccination, there is still no cure for polio. The polio vaccine is given multiple times and usually protects children for life.
Today through most of the world the disease has been eliminated with only seven countries remaining polio-endemic, 98% of all cases today are found in India, Niger, and Pakistan.
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